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NETWORK 2022 Latest

What is the network ?

According to Merriam Webster, Network is usually an informally interconnected
group or association of different entities like a person, computers, radio stations, etc.

network


For example, Dominos has a network of 1232 branches across India. As the name
suggests the computer network is a system of peripherals or computers
interconnected with each other and has a standard communication channel
established between them to exchange different types of information and data.


Why is the computer network so important?
Have you ever heard of the Internet or NET? I guess you have, as you are already
reading this article on IT Architects through the internet. But, have you ever
thought about the internet?

The Internet is a network of a network connecting all
different network-enabled devices which enable data and information sharing
between them and that makes computer networks a core part of our life and
technical interviews.


LAN (Local Area Network)

network

LANs are widely used to connect computers/laptops and consumer electronics which
enables them to share resources (e.g., printers, fax machines) and exchange
information. When LANs are used by companies or organizations, they are called
enterprise networks.

There are two different types of LAN networks i.e. wireless LAN
(no wires involved achieved using Wi-Fi) and wired LAN (achieved using LAN cable).
Wireless LANs are very popular these days for places where installing wire is difficult.
The below diagrams explain both wireless and wired LAN.

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

network

VPN or the Virtual Private Network is a private WAN (Wide Area Network) built on the
internet. It allows the creation of a secured tunnel (protected network) between
different networks using the internet (public network).

By using the VPN, a client can
connect to the organization’s network remotely. The below diagram shows an
organizational WAN network over Australia created using VPN:

What are the advantages of using a VPN?

Below are few advantages of using VPN:
1.VPN is used to connect offices in different geographical locations remotely and is
cheaper when compared to WAN connections.


2.VPN is used for secure transactions and confidential data transfer between
multiple offices located in different geographical locations.


3.VPN keeps an organization’s information secured against any potential threats
or intrusions by using virtualization.


4.VPN encrypts the internet traffic and disguises the online identity.

What are the different types of VPN?

Access VPN: Access VPN is used to provide connectivity to remote mobile users
and telecommuters. It serves as an alternative to dial-up connections or ISDN
(Integrated Services Digital Network) connections. It is a low-cost solution and
provides a wide range of connectivity.


Site-to-Site VPN: A Site-to-Site or Router-to-Router VPN is commonly used in
large companies having branches in different locations to connect the network
of one office to another in different locations. There are 2 sub-categories as
mentioned below:


Intranet VPN: Intranet VPN is useful for connecting remote offices in different
geographical locations using shared infrastructure (internet connectivity and
servers) with the same accessibility policies as a private WAN (wide area
network).
Extranet VPN: Extranet VPN uses shared infrastructure over an intranet,
suppliers, customers, partners, and other entities and connects them using
dedicated connections.

What are nodes and links?

Node: Any communicating device in a network is called a Node. Node is the point of
intersection in a network. It can send/receive data and information within a network.
Examples of the node can be computers, laptops, printers, servers, modems, etc.

Link: A link or edge refers to the connectivity between two nodes in the network. It
includes the type of connectivity (wired or wireless) between the nodes and protocols
used for one node to be able to communicate with the other.

What is the network topology?

network


Network topology is a physical layout of the network, connecting the different nodes
using the links. It depicts the connectivity between the computers, devices, cables,etc.

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